General Surgery

One-year disability after non-cardiac surgery occurs in ~13% and links to frailty and complications

Prospective multicentre cohort of 1081 adults found new clinically significant disability at 1 year in 12.9% and at 30 days in 22.3%. Periprocedural risk and any postoperative complications were associated with higher odds of 1‑year disability (aOR per ACS-NSQIP percent increase reported). Frailty carried a strong independent association with 1‑year disability (aOR 3.97, 95% CI 2.54–6.21). Social support was not associated with 1‑year new disability in adjusted analyses. 1

Primary breast surgery in de novo isolated bone metastases linked to better adjusted survival

SEER retrospective cohort of 6500 patients with isolated bone metastases found primary breast surgery performed in 23.3% (1513). Five‑year overall survival was 59.5% with surgery versus 38.6% without surgery (p<0.001). In multivariable Cox models, surgery remained independently associated with improved OS (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48–0.62). Results are observational and susceptible to selection bias and unmeasured confounding; causality is not established. 2

Surgery after induction for cervical esophageal cancer may benefit selected patients

Systematic review identified 20 cervical‑specific studies, mostly retrospective, suggesting benefit for selected incomplete responders with resectable residual disease. Larynx‑preserving resection was feasible in 90% of T1‑2 and 54% of T3‑4 responders in available series. Authors propose a multidisciplinary selection framework, but it is not prospectively validated and evidence remains heterogeneous. 3