Genetics

Socio-culturally adapted, multidisciplinary interventions improve some outcomes in minoritised patients with MLTCs

This systematic review included 15 studies of primary-care interventions for racially/ethnic minoritised people with multiple long-term conditions. All interventions used socio-cultural adaptations and engaged community assets, typically delivered by multidisciplinary teams. Five interventions improved all measured outcomes and nine improved some outcomes, showing feasibility across settings. Heterogeneity of interventions, conditions, and outcomes limits generalisability beyond the US, Canada, and Australia. 1

162-variant TNBC PRS shows best discrimination in African-ancestry women at familial risk

In 31,522 self-identified African-ancestry women tested in a hereditary-cancer clinic, a 162-variant PRS best discriminated triple-negative breast cancer with AUC 0.609. That TNBC PRS had an adjusted OR of 1.47 per 1 SD, outperforming overall-BRCA PRSs in this high-familial-risk cohort. Overall breast cancer PRSs achieved lower AUCs (~0.57–0.59), indicating more modest discrimination for non-TNBC endpoints. Findings apply to clinically ascertained Black women with strong family history and negative high-penetrance gene tests. 2

Basket and umbrella trials promise efficiency for pediatric precision oncology

This systematic review identified 28 studies describing basket and umbrella trial designs for pediatric precision medicine. Basket designs were more common, especially in early-phase oncology and rare-disease settings. Authors report these designs can increase efficiency and enable biomarker-defined targeting. Successful deployment requires robust statistical planning, Bayesian methods where appropriate, and regulatory alignment. 3