Oncology

Nationwide Japanese CGP cohort shows modest actionability and variable benefit across 81 solid tumor types

Among 54,185 Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors, high-evidence CGP alterations predicting benefit from approved therapies were detected in 16.6%. Alterations supported by well-powered studies and expert consensus were found in 8.1% and correlated with better prognosis than lower-evidence findings. Only 8% of patients actually received CGP-guided approved or experimental biomarker-linked therapies, though this proportion improved over time. Use of biomarker-linked therapies exceeded 20% in thyroid and lung cancers but remained below 2% in pancreatic and liver cancers. 1

Perioperative nivolumab plus chemotherapy benefits stage III N2 and multistation N2 resectable NSCLC

In CheckMate 77T, neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy followed by adjuvant nivolumab improved outcomes versus chemotherapy plus placebo in stage III NSCLC. Among N2 patients, 1-year event-free survival was 70% with nivolumab versus 45% with placebo, HR 0.46 (95% CI 0.30-0.70). Pathologic complete response was 22.0% with nivolumab versus 5.6% with placebo in N2 disease, without reducing definitive surgery rates. In multistation N2 patients, nivolumab achieved 1-year EFS 71% versus 46%, HR 0.43 (0.21-0.88), and pCR 29.0% versus 2.7%. 2

Suvemcitug plus chemotherapy improves PFS and OS in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer

The phase 3 SCORES trial randomized 421 women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer 2:1 to suvemcitug plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy. Nearly half had prior antiangiogenic and PARP inhibitor exposure, reflecting a heavily pretreated population. Median PFS was 5.5 versus 2.7 months favoring suvemcitug, HR 0.46 (95% CI 0.35-0.60; P < 0.001). Median OS improved to 15.3 versus 14.0 months, HR 0.77 (95% CI 0.60-0.99; P = 0.03). 3

Multiantigen Th1-polarized autologous T-cell therapy shows encouraging disease control in PDAC

This phase 1/2 trial infused a polyclonal Th1-polarized T-cell product targeting five shared tumor-associated antigens in advanced or resectable PDAC. Patients responding or refractory to first-line chemotherapy, and those with resectable disease, received monthly infusions at 1 × 10^7 cells/m^2. Among 37 infused participants, only one treatment-related serious adverse event occurred, meeting safety and feasibility goals. Disease control rates were 84.6% in chemotherapy-responding patients and 25% in chemotherapy-refractory patients. 4