Sports Medicine

Systemic illnesses dominated medical encounters at Brazilian trail events.

Across 17 Brazilian trail events (n=18,314), the medical attendance rate was 4.5% and systemic illnesses accounted for 66% of encounters. Exercise-associated collapse, heat stroke, and hyponatremia were the major presentations, exceeding musculoskeletal injuries. Authors propose a six-pillar national surveillance and safety framework tailored to tropical trail-running risks. Apply findings when planning medical coverage for hot-climate events and prioritize heat-collapse prevention and rapid cooling resources. 1

Coach–athlete relationship workshops produced no measurable team benefit.

A nonrandomized cluster-controlled trial across 16 teams (45 coaches, 328 athletes) found no significant intervention effects on relationship quality or athlete outcomes. Athletes showed a significant decrease in relatedness on basic psychological need satisfaction after the program. Qualitative feedback pointed to issues with relevance, delivery, and transferring skills into practice. Consider piloting improved delivery methods and measure fidelity before wider rollout of similar programs. 2

Pitch-limit guidelines changed position mix but not detected OCD incidence.

In 1,576 youth baseball players aged 10–12 screened 2017–2023, catcher proportion fell and dual-role players rose after 2019 guideline introduction. Overall capitellar osteochondritis dissecans was 3.6% pre-guideline versus 1.8% post-guideline, with no significant level change on primary interrupted time-series analysis. A worst-case sensitivity suggested an immediate decrease in OCD incidence, but confirmed-case Poisson models were inconclusive. Continue annual screening and monitor position-role shifts when evaluating the impact of pitch-limit policies. 3